2024 Courses under BSC IN RADIOGARPHY DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPY RADIOGRAPHY University of Ghana -Legon
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Diagnostic Radiography
At the end of training, the diagnostic radiography student should be able to:
- Accurately demonstrate anatomical structures on a radiograph or other image receptor
- Determine exposure factors to achieve optimum radiographic techniques with minimum radiation exposure to the patient, self and others
- Evaluate radiographic images for appropriate positioning and image quality
- Recognise emergency patient conditions and initiate life-saving first aid and basic life support procedures
- Exercise independent judgement and discretion in the technical performance of medical imaging procedures
- Employ quality assurance and quality control procedures in the performance of duty
- Provide patient care and comfort, show respect for patients’ rights and dignity and act in acceptable professional manner at all times
- Educate patients and the general public on radiographic procedures and radiation protection/safety
- Participate in continued professional development programmes
- Manage a radiography department in at least a district hospital and advise hospital management on radiography issues
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Therapy Radiography
At the end of training, the diagnostic radiography student should be able to:
- Assist the radiation oncologist in localizing tumours
- Simulate treatment parameters
- Verify and implement computer-generated treatment plans
- Perform quality assurance procedures
- Deliver radiation treatment as prescribed by the physician and monitor patient’s physical condition and response to treatment
- Provide patient care and comfort, show respect for patients’ rights and dignity and act in acceptable professional manner at all times
- Educate patients and the general public on radiotherapy procedures and radiation protection/safety
- Participate in continued professional development programmes
- Work with colleagues and other health professionals as a member of the health care team
- Advise hospital management on radiotherapy issues
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LEVEL 100
All the courses at level 100 are Compulsory
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SEMESTER 1
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SAHS 101         Introductory Statistics                                                          2
SAHS103 Physical and Inorganic Chemistry                    2 SAHS 105   Organic Chemistry                     2
SAHS 107         Chemistry Practical                                                              1
SAHS 109         General Physics                                                                 2
SAHS 111         Biology                                                                             2
SAHS 113         Introduction to Computer Studies                                           1
SAHS 115         Clinical Reasoning in Health Sciences                                     3
UGRC110 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Academic Writing I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3
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SEMESTER 2
SAHS 102          General Anatomy                                                              3
SAHS 104           General Anatomy Practical           1 SAHS 106      General Physiology   3
SAHS 108          General Physiology Practical                                               1
SAHS 112 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Introductory Psychology for Allied Health
Sciences                                                                                                  2
SAHS 122            Introductory Biochemistry            2 RDGY102      Introductory Radiography        2 GSPH 214      Writing for Public Health3
UGRC 220-238   Intrduction to African Studies                                             3
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RDGY 200 Vocational Training IÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 Credits
This is a 6-week inter-semester clinical training period at the end of Semester 2 (i.e. during the long vacation) to allow students to obtain practical hands-on experience. Students will undertake introductory clinical training in an accredited Diagnostic Imaging Department/Unit. Students shall be evaluated at the end of the vocational training. The course is a pre-requisite for all Level 200 courses in Diagnostic Radiography.
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|  SEMESTER 3 | LEVEL 200 All the courses at level 200 are Compulsory | |
| RDGY 201 | Radiography Physics I | 2 |
| RDGY 203 | Patient Management I | 2 |
| RDGY 205 | Radiographic Imaging Processes I | 3 |
| RDGY 207 | Radiographic Anatomy I | 3 |
| SAHS 201 | Computer Applications | 3 |
| SAHS 211 | Statistics | 2 |
| SOCIÂ 316 | Medical Sociology | 3 |
| PSCY 307 | Human Growth and Development I | 3 |
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SEMESTER 4 | Â | 21 |
| SAHS 204 | General Pathology | 3 |
| PSCY 308 | Human Growth & Development II | 3 |
| RDGY 202 | Radiography Physics II | 2 |
| RDGY 204 | Patient Management II | 3 |
| RDGY 206 | Radiographic Anatomy II | 3 |
| RDGY 208 | Radiographic Imaging Processes II | 3 |
| RDGY 212 | Equipment for Diagnostic Imaging I | 3 |
| RDGY 214 | Medical Terminology I | 1 |
| Â | Â | 21 |
RDGY 300 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Vocational Training II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 Credits
This is a 6-week inter-semester clinical training period at the end of semester 4 (i.e. during the long vacation) to allow students to obtain practical hands-on experience. Students will also undertake clinical attachment at a Diagnostic Imaging Department/Unit in an accredited Health Facility. There shall be an evaluation at the end of the clinical attachment. The course is a pre-requisite for all Level 300 courses in Diagnostic and Therapy Radiography.
NB: Level 100 and 200 Courses are common to both Diagnostic and Therapy Radiography students and are prerequisites to progressing to Level 300 for the two (2) Programmes.
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| SEMESTER 5 | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOGRAPHY | |
| Â LEVEL 300 | ||
| RDGY 301 | Equipment in Diagnostic Imaging II | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
| RDGY 303 | Radiographic Technique I | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
| RDGY 305 | Radiobiology and Radiation Protection | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
| RDGY 307 | Radiation Physics | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
| RDGY 309 | Medical Terminology II | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 1 |
| RDGY 310 | Clinical Practice I | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 4 |
| SAHS 301 | Research Methodology | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 2 |
| Â SEMESTER 6 | Â | Â Â Â Â Â 19 |
| RDGY 302 | Radiographic Technique II | Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
| RDGY 304 | Introduction to Specialized Imaging Modalities | Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
| RDGY 306 | Specialized Imaging Equipment | Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
| RDGY 308 | Introduction to Quality Assurance | Â Â Â Â Â 2 |
| RDGY 310 | Clinical Practice I | Â Â Â Â Â 5 |
| SAHSÂ 302 | Health Law & Ethics | Â Â Â Â Â 2 |
| Â | Â | Â Â Â 18 |
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RDGY400 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Vocational Training III Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 Credits
This is a 6-week inter-semester clinical training period at the end of semester 6 (i.e. during the long vacation) to allow students to obtain practical hands-on experience. Students will also undertake clinical attachment at a Diagnostic Imaging Department/Unit in an accredited Health Facility. There shall be an evaluation at the end of the clinical attachment. The course is a pre-requisite for all Level 300 courses in Diagnostic and Therapy Radiography.
| SEMESTER 7 | Â LEVEL 400 |
| RDGY 401 | Radiographic Technique III Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
| RDGY 403 | Imaging Pathology and Pattern Recognition I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
|  RDGY405 | Quality Management in Diagnostic Imaging                                       2 |
| RDGY 410 | Research Project                                                                            5 |
| RDGY 420 | Clinical Practice II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 5 |
| SAHS 401 | Principles of Management                                                               3 |
| Â SEMESTER 8 | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 21 |
| SAHS 402 | Applied Health Sciences Management                                               3 |
| RDGY 402 | Radiographic Technique IV Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 4 |
| RDGY 404 | Imaging Pathology and Pattern Recognition II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 |
| RDGY 410 | Research Project                                                                           5 |
| RDGY 420 | Clinical Practice II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 6 |
|    SEMESTER 5 |                                                                                                 21  Total Credit Hours  168 THERAPY RADIOGRAPHY LEVEL 300 |
| RDGY 309 | Medical Terminology II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 1 |
| RDGY 311 | Radiation Physics I: Radioactivity and Radiotherapy Equipment         3 |
| RDGY 313 | Radiation Oncology 1: Principles                                                 2 |
| RDGY 315 | Radiotherapy Technique I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 4 |
| RDGY 317 | Radiobiology                                                                            3 |
| RDGY 320 | Clinical Practice I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 4 |
| SAHS 301 | Research Methodology                                                               2 |
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| SEMESTER 6 | ||
| RDGY 314 | Radiotherapy Physics II: Radiation Dosimetry and Principles of Treatment Planning | Â 3 |
| RDGY 316 | Radiotherapy Technique II | 3 |
| RDGY 318 | Treatment Planning I | 2 |
| RDGY 322 | Radiation Oncology II: Treatment of Systems | 2 |
| RDGY 308 | Introduction to Quality Assurance | 3 |
| RDGY 330 | Clinical Practice I: Clinical Set Up and Patient Management | 3 |
| RDGY 340 | Clinical Practice II: Clinical Dosimetry and Treatment Planning | 3 |
| SAHSÂ 302 | Health Law & Ethics | 2 |
| Â | Â | 21 |
| RDGY 400 | Vocational Training III Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 3 Credits | |
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LEVEL 400
| SEMESTER 7 | |
| SAHS 401 | Principles and Practice of Management                                          3 |
| RDGY 407 | Radiotherapy Physics III: Brachytherapy and Radiation Protection      3 |
| RDGY 409 | Treatment Planning II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 2 |
| RDGY411 | Quality Management in Radiotherapy                                            2 |
| RDGY 430 | Clinical Practice I: Clinical Set Up and Patient Management              3 |
| RDGY 440 | Clinical Practice II: Clinical Dosimetry and Treatment Planning         3 |
| RDGY 410 | Research Project                                                                        5 |
| Â SEMESTER 8 | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 21 Â |
| SAHS 402 | Applied Health Sciences Management                                           3 |
| RDGY 430 | Clinical Practice I: Treatment Set Up and Patient Management           6 |
| Clinical Practice II: Clinical Dosimetry and Treatment Planning         6 | |
| RDGY 440 | Research Project                                                                        5 |
| Â Â | Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 20 |
|                 |                                                                      Total Credit Hours  170                                |
| Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â SEMESTER 1 | Â COURSE DESCRIPTIONS AND CONTENT LEVEL 100 |
| RDGY 102 | INTRODUCTORY RADIOGRAPHY Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â |
This course is designed to provide the basic skills and knowledge that the students will need to prepare them for their first experience of clinical work. It aims to provide them with an overview of the Imaging Department and a basic working knowledge of an X-ray room. Students will be required to take an active part in basic X-ray examinations of the appendicular skeleton.
The course will cover areas such as Introduction to the Imaging department; Image Formation; Radiographic
Terminology; Body Surface Markings; Exposure Factors; First Contact with Patients; The Appendicular Skeleton; Radiographic examination: routine projections of the upper and lower limbs and Patient care appropriate to Radiographic examination.
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RDGY 200 VOCATIONAL TRAINING IÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This period forms the initial introduction of students to the radiology department so that they can familiarize themselves to the administrative and professional activities of the department. This is the first contact with patients and other members of the health care team and is the learning period of their inter- and intra-relationship with the various groups of people they encounter in the department as a preparation towards their professional development. Areas to be covered include Records and recording of patient data and information; Data and information storage and retrieval; Ward management (Nursing care and management) and Darkroom (processing) practice.
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LEVEL 200
SEMESTER 3
RDGY 201 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOGRAPHY PHYSICS I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course is aimed at educating students in the physics of medical imaging with both ionising and non-ionising radiation. Areas to be covered include Basic Physics: Structure of matter, atoms, molecules, elements and compounds; Phases of matter; Work, Energy and Power; Types of energy and their source; Mass and Weight, Inertia and Forces; Speed, velocity and acceleration; Dimensional analysis and fundamental units; Concept of energy; Thermal heat insulation; Magnetism; Electrostatics; Capacitors; Atomic Physics; Wave Motion
RDGY 202 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOGRAPHY PHYSICS II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course further introduces the fundamental principles of physics underlying diagnostic X-ray production and radiography. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of basic principles of physics as they relate to the operation of radiographic equipment. The course will cover Current Electricity; A.C Theory; Electronics; Electricity and Magnetism; Electromagnetic Induction; Electrical energy, power, circuits; Applications to Radiographic Instrumentation.
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RDGY 203 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â PATIENT MANAGEMENT I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Areas to be covered are:
- Professional attitude of the radiographer; Hygiene, infection and principles of asepsis: Causes of infection, its process, methods of spread and practical implications. Basic hygiene relative to staff, patients and environment infection control, HIV/AIDS. Consideration of specific situations such as an operating theatre, minor operation area, intensive care unit, and other areas where special hygiene precautions are required.
- Function of Central Sterile Supply Department: including knowledge of methods of sterilization. A visit to C.S.S.D would be arranged. (The aim of this section should be to give an overall understanding of the complete situation so that a student could, for example apply the principles to the procedure for an intravenous injection or the application of a simple sterile dressing.)
- General care of the patient: The psychology of the sick patient; Temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure – normal values and methods of taking and recording them; common clinical abnormalities leading to physiological changes; The administration of bedpans, urinals, vomit bowls, and sputum pots; In-patient-care; Moving and lifting: Procedures related to moving patients of varying abilities, on and off chairs, tables, stretchers, bedpans, and the care and safety of the patients during these procedures. Correct methods and hazards of lifting and manoeuvring patients.
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RDGY 204 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â PATIENT MANAGEMENT II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course will provide knowledge about the following:
Drugs: Methods of administration; drug reactions especially to radiological contrast agents, their recognition and appropriate action to be taken; Emergency care of the patient; Nursing accessories: Identification, care and use of equipment and instruments in general use in the department; the resuscitation team and the use of resuscitation equipment; use, care and function of suction apparatus; administration of oxygen; sedation; Design of Radio diagnostic or Radiotherapy department; Organization of radio diagnostic or radiotherapy departments: Staff requirements for the practical running of the department for normal working and major incident occurrences; appointments systems; patient records and departmental statistics, including data handling by computers; Stocktaking, and stock-keeping relative to patient care; Economical use of resources; Medico-legal considerations: Ethical considerations; legal responsibilities and liabilities; Appropriate action in the event of accidents to patients or staff or staff on hospital premises, examination or treatment becoming the subject of legal proceedings; Medical ethics relating to the confidential nature of patients’ information; Safety legislation.
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RDGY 205 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGING PROCESSES I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course will provide the knowledge of the radiographic image characteristics, factors that control image production and diagnostic quality and measures that are required to ensure the preservation of the diagnostic value of the image.
Areas to be covered include Sensitometry; Image quality; Control of secondary radiation; Radiographic image contrast and contrast enhancement; Film materials and storage of film materials; Film processing: principles and practice.
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RDGY 207 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMYÂ I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course includes the study of the structure of human body and the normal function of its systems. Special emphasis is placed on radiographic anatomy (how the anatomical structures are presented on conventional and computed or sectional radiographic images)
The course will cover gross anatomy of the appendicular and axial skeleton; Osteogenesis, Muscles and Joints; Gross anatomy of various organs and glands in the body;Â Physiology and Pathology of Bones, Joints and muscle groups and attachment; skeletal fractures and some of the systems and organs of the body in relation to conventional radiographic images and cross-sectional images of computer-generated images such as ultrasound, CT, MRI and RNI.
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RDGY 206 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMYÂ II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This is the continuation of RDGY 207 and treats the digestive system, nervous system, urinary sys tem and special organs of the body (eye, ear, nose and mouth)
Areas to be covered include gross anatomy of the systems, organs and glands;Â Physiology and Pathology of systems; organs and glands, in relation to conventional radiographic images and cross-sectional images of computergenerated images such as Ultrasound, CT, MRI and RNI.
RDGY 208 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGING PROCESSES II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course will provide knowledge about the X-ray darkroom; Automated and daylight film handling systems; Duplication and Subtraction; Principles of special imaging techniques; Identification and presentation of radiographs; Viewing of the radiographic image; Image quality control; Silver conservation and recovery.
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RDGY 212 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â EQUIPMENT FOR DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
To provide students with an insight into the main components in an X-ray circuitry and the theoretical background of the design and operation of the circuit elements outlined in the syllabus and the effect of their performance on the quality of the diagnostic imaging. Areas will include mains supply (electrical supply); Stabilizing Equipment:
Control of X-ray tube current and tube voltage (filament circuit); The outline of basic X-ray Circuit (High Tension Circuits) Basic principles of the following with a comparison of their radiographic merits and applications – self rectified (one pulse); single phase full – wave rectified (two-pulse); three phase, six and twelve pulse; capacitor smoothed; capacitor discharge; grid control systems; falling load generators; High Tension Cables Construction and design; The X-Ray tube and its electrical connection; Exposure timers and switching; Meters; Safety Devices.
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RDGY 214Â Â MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY IÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course will introduce the student to the concepts of disease.  It will also equip the student with knowledge in Pathology and disease as they relate to various radiographic procedures are discussed. The topics will include pathology fundamentals; trauma/physical injury; system classification of disease; and medical terminology.
DIAGNOSTIC RADIOGRAPHY
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LEVEL 300
SEMESTER 5
RDGY 301 EQUIPMENT FOR DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course shall provide a basic grounding in the theoretical and practical aspects of the diagnostic imaging equipment listed in the syllabus, principle of operation of the equipment,  to management of diagnostic imaging equipment, the necessity for quality assurance, maintenance of hygiene, safe working practices, equipment inspection and servicing; general principles, hygiene, aspects of electrical and mechanical efficiency and safety; importance of equipment upkeep; cleaning routine and inspections; general care in use and recognition of malfunction; special care of mobile X-equipment state; simple tests and checks of equipment in use.
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RDGY 303: RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course is designed to provide the theoretical basis of imaging the various anatomical areas through lectures and demonstrations so that students will be able to apply correctly such techniques in the practical settings. The course areas to be covered are conventional and other methods of imaging: Axial skeleton: Vertebral column; thoracic cage; skull; sinuses; facial bones; pelvis; chest(for the respiratory system)
RDGY 305 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIATION PROTECTIONÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course is designed to provide an overview of the principles of the interaction of radiation with living systems.  It will cover radiation effects on cells and the human body in general, radiation effects on molecules, cells, tissues and the body as a whole, actors affecting biological response, including acute and chronic effects of radiation. It will also cover personnel monitoring (Dosimetry), control of scattered radiation, general principles; Grids; Collimators and Beam Centering Devices.
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RDGY 307 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIATION PHYSICSÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course is designed to introduce students to the physics of the different radiographic modalities including
Ultrasound (US), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), Nuclear Medicine and X-ray Physics. The course will further provide students with the understanding and application of physics principles to these imaging modalities.
Areas to be covered are X-rays Physics and applications in imaging, Electromagnetic Induction; MRI physics and applications to imaging; Introduction to Ultrasound Physics and its applications in imaging; Introduction to CT Physics and its applications in imaging; Introduction to Nuclear Medicine and its applications in imaging, Radiation Measuring Devices.
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RDGY 309Â Â MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY IIÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This is continuation of RDGY 214 as it provides the student with an introduction to the concepts of disease. Pathology and disease as they relate to various radiographic procedures will be discussed. Topics include: pathology fundamentals; trauma/physical injury; system classification of disease; and medical terminology; cardiovascular system; respiratory; urinary system and male reproductive system; female reproductive system; obstetric conditions; breast; blood; endocrine system; skin and subcutaneous tissues; the teeth; nervous system, eye; ear.
Upon successful completion of the course, the student should be able to list examples and sites of : respiratory system diseases, reproduction system diseases, urinary system diseases, circulatory system diseases , endocrine system diseases, and nervous system and sensory organ system diseases. They should be able to also describe the etiology of the disease, describe the radiographic procedures for diagnosis (treatment) of the diseases and discuss the effects of the diseases in terms of effects on radiographic techniques.
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RDGY 310 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â CLINICAL PRACTICE I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course will introduce students to the practical aspects of techniques after Introductory Radiography and Radiography Technique I. It will cover the following areas:
General radiography: Observation, assistance and performance of clinical practice in casualty, in-patients and out patients for the appendicular and axial skeleton and the thoracic cavity.
Mobile Radiography: Observation, assistance and performance in theatre and wards.
Department Routine: Participation in duties concerned with departmental organization, documentation and appointment systems.
Contrast Studies: Observation, assistance and performance of routine alimentary tract, fluoroscopic examinations and intravenous urography.
Computed Tomography: Observation of anatomical systems in cross section.
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SEMESTER 6
RDGY 302 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course will treat conventional and other methods of imaging: Digestive System: Ba swallow/meal and follow through; Ba Enema; Hepato-Biliary System: Liver; radiographic examinations to demonstrate the intra-hepatic and extra hepato-biliary systems; Urinary System; Reproductive System: Female reproductive System; male reproductive System; Nervous system and special senses-dacrocyst, ear, tongue, skin, salivary glands; Abdomen;
Geriatric/infirm adaptation; Paediatric radiography-care neonates; Radiation protection of patient’s parent/helper; Mobile/Portable examinations: Safe operation of mobile radiographic, fluoroscopic equipment; Ward and Operating theatre radiography; Accident and Emergency Radiographic technique for very ill patients and also trauma patients. Radiation protection for patients and staff
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RDGY 304 INTRODUCTION TO SPECIALIZED IMAGING MODALITIES Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course will introduce to students other specialized imaging modalities (both using either ionizing or nonionising radiation) available and their advantages and advantages in diagnostic medical imaging.
The course will cover Introduction to Imaging techniques and protocols of: Ultrasound; Computed Tomography Scan; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nuclear Medical Imaging; Digital Imaging; Computer Radiographic Imaging; PACS; Hospital Information System-Radiology Information System (HIS-RIS).
RDGY 306 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â SPECIALISED IMAGING EQUIPMENTÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course is designed to introduce students to computerized imaging equipment used for sectional anatomical imaging in diagnostic, therapy and nuclear medical imaging.
It will cover design, principle of operation/functions of the following equipment: CT Scan; ultrasound; MRI; gamma camera and scintigraphy; equipment for neuro-radiography; rapid serial equipment; image storage and transfer computed radiography and filmless imaging department.
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RDGY 308Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â INTRODUCTION TO QUALITY ASSURANCE IN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGINGÂ
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This course will equip students with knowledge about how to provide improve diagnostic information improving diagnostic information content, reducing radiation dose, reducing medical costs and improving departmental management and the quality of patient care.
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At the end of the course, the student will become familiar with the specific requirements related to QA concepts, radiation protection in diagnostic radiology and procedure for reviewing and assessing the overall effectiveness of radiation protection.
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It will treat topics such as Quality assurance definition; QA management and responsibilities; Outline of a QA and Radiation Protection programme for diagnostic radiology; QA Planning and organization in diagnostic radiology; Standards of acceptable image quality; Retake Analysis; Image quality and patient dose; Effect of poor quality images. Â Â Â Â Â
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RDGY 310 CLINICAL PRACTICE I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course will cover the following areas:
General Radiography: Performing at competency stage. Adapt action of techniques to suit paediatrics; Ward and Theatre patients and for patients in accident and emergency situation; recognition of patterns on radiographs.
Fluoroscopy: Undertaking and organization of routine fluoroscopy sessions and at the operating theatre using ‘C’– arm image intensifiers.
Specialized Imaging Modalities: Participation in areas such as computed tomography, ultrasound; radionuclide imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and other areas that use digital imaging.
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RDGY 400: VOCATIONAL TRAINING III Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This training is designed to enable students:
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- Recognize life-threatening ECG tracing.
- Apply standard and transmission-based precautions.
- Apply appropriate medical asepsis and sterile technique.
- Demonstrate competency in the principles of radiation protection standards.
LEVEL 400Â
SEMESTER 7
RDGY 401 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE III Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course will cover areas such as dental and maxillofacial radiographic procedures: radiographic baselines and planes used in imaging of the teeth; angulations for dental imaging; intra- and extra-oral imaging: periapicals, bitewings; occlusals and obliques; opg (orthopantomography); cephalometry; mounting of dental films.
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RDGY 403 IMAGING PATHOLOGY AND PATTERN RECOGNITION IÂ Â Â Â Â
This areas to be covered are Radiographic film critique and quality control (Film faults); Identification of common basic pathologies and pattern recognition on radiographs of Appendicular and Axial skeleton and ability to modify or perform necessary additional projections; Basic Ultrasound in Obstetrics and gynaecology
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RDGY 405Â Â Â Â Â QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course will provide an understanding of the concept, principles and policies of quality management as it relates to radiation protection in diagnostic and interventional radiology. It will cover the concept of QA and its applications to ensure systematic evaluation and compliance with regulatory requirements; Requirements of patient care related to QA; Essentials of a Quality Control (QC) programme to ensure optimal image quality; The fundamental aspects and differences between QA and QC; The role and responsibilities of Management, staff and other professionals involved in the implementation of a QA programme; Assessment of internal and external quality audits, regular updating, methods of evaluation, reporting and recommendations; QC of general radiography system; QC control test on CT ; QC on dental radiology system including design; QC of the processor; QC protocol of Mammography equipment; QC on viewing boxes (Film illuminator).
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RDGY 420 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â CLINICAL PRACITICE II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Areas to be covered include
General radiography: Adaptation of general techniques to suit paediatrics, geriatrics, ward, theatre patients in accident and emergency.
Fluoroscopy:Â The undertaking and organization of routine screening sessions and adaptation to the operating theatre.
Other Imaging Modalities: Participation in image evaluation in areas such as computed tomography, ultrasound, radionuclide imaging, MRI and other digital imaging modalities.
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SEMESTER 8
RDGY 402Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE IV Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The aim of this course is to introduce students to the fundamentals of vascular, lymphatic and sectional imaging using contrast media and other imaging modalities. This is to assist students to acquire a knowledge of the basic techniques and protocols for such examinations
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The course will cover Techniques And Protocols for: Peripheral angiography, Carotid, abdominal aorta and femoral angiography; Venography; Lymphangiography; Myelography; Sialography; Dacrocystography; Interventional Radiographic Imaging; Digital Angiographic Subtraction Imaging (DSI); Sectional Imaging (CT, USG and MRI); Dental imaging
RDGY 404 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â IMAGING PATHOLOGY AND PATTERN RECOGNITION II Â Â Â Â Â
This is to introduce the student radiographer to the identification of common pathologies and pattern recognition on radiographs of the visceral organs; Ultrasound of organs other than Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
This course will cover Identification of common pathologies and pattern recognition on radiographs of the visceral organs on conventional radiographs, CT, MRI, Mammography, Dental and Ultrasound of organs other than Obstetrics and Gynaecology
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RDGY 420 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â CLINICAL PRACTICE IV Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Students would spend this period rotating through various units to obtain more hands -on experience practical and proficiency.
RDGY 410 RESEARCH PROJECT (Semesters 7 & 8) Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
THERAPY RADIOGRAPHY
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LEVEL 300
RDGY 309 RADIOTHERAPY PHYSICS I Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course is designed to provide the students with the understanding for the physical principles of radioactivity and measuring of ionizing radiation. It will also help students to appreciate the terms used to describe quantity and quality of radiation and identity equipment used in radiotherapy. Also included are principles and functions; as well as the limitation of each equipment and the common cancers treated by each modality and the safety aspects.
RDGY 315 RADIOTHERAPY TECHNIQUE IÂ
The course is designed to provide students with cognitive and evaluative skills necessary to understand and perform the required radiotherapy procedures. It includes mould room procedures, localization of tumours and treatment planning procedures. Other areas covered include verification of treatment plans and introduction to treatment accessories and equipment.
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RDGY 316 RADIOTHERAPY TECHNIQUE II Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course is designed to build on the knowledge and skills gained from radiotherapy techniques 1 to enable the students take a greater role with the radiotherapy department through application of their skills to execute complex treatment procedures.
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RDGY 308 QUALITY ASSURANCE IN RADIOTHERAPY Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
This course will deal with definition of Quality Assurance; QA management and responsibilities; Outline of a QA and Radiation Protection programme for diagnostic and therapy radiology; QA Planning and organization in diagnostic and therapy radiology; Standards of acceptable image quality; Treatment Planning and delivery; Image quality and patient dose.
RDGY 320 CLINICAL PRACTICE 1 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The clinical practicum has been designed to complement the academic and runs throughout the course. Clinical placements have been designed so that the students will be able to observe the practical application of the theoretical courses wherever possible. Assessment would be linked with the theoretical assessment to demonstrate practical application of knowledge.
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RDGY 318Â Â Â Â TREATMENT PLANNING I (Theory) Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course is designed to provide the theoretical knowledge on treatment planning which will form the foundation for the practical training in treatment planning. . The course has further been designed to equip the students with the cognitive and evaluative skills necessary to understand and perform the require treatment planning procedures for various anatomical sites.
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RDGY 314Â Â Â Â RADIOTHERAPY PHYSICS II (DOSIMETRY AN PRINCIPLES OFÂ
TREATMENT PLANNING Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course is designed to provide basic knowledge and solid foundation in treatment prescriptions and appropriate definitions. Calculations of treatment dose with the treated volume to include tumour and skin/sub-dermal doses are also included. Other areas covered include manual drawing of simple and routine isodose distribution for single, parallel opposes and multi-field techniques. Interpretation of isodose distribution as well as verification of treatment plans with reference of beam/patient alignment is also covered.
RDGY 313Â Â Â Â Â RADIATION ONCOLOGY 1: PRINCIPLES
The course is designed to provide an overview of malignant diseases as well as the nature and epidemiology of cancer. It is also designed to provide understanding to students about general principles of cancer management and to provide insight to students about the factors worth considering in choosing various treatment options and advances in oncology and radiotherapy practices.
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RDGY 317Â Â Â Â Â RADIOBIOLOGYÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course is designed to provide an overview of the principles of the interaction of radiation with living systems Radiation effects on molecules, cells, tissues and the body as a whole is presented. Factors affecting biological response are presented, including acute and chronic effects of radiation.
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LEVEL 400
SEMESTER 7
RDGY 411Â Â Â Â Â QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN RADIOTHERAPYÂ
This course is to provide an understanding of the concept, principles and policies of quality management as it relates to radiation protection in diagnostic and interventional radiology.
The areas to be covered include the concept of QA and its applications to ensure systematic evaluation and compliance with regulatory requirements; Requirements of patient care related to QA; Essentials of a Quality Control (QC) programme to ensure optimal image quality; The fundamental aspects and differences between QA and QC; The role and responsibilities of Management, staff and other professionals involved in the implementation of a QA programme; Assessment of internal and external quality audits, regular updating, methods of evaluation, reporting and recommendations; QC on the Cobalt 60, Linear Accelerator, Simulator and Brachytherapy Equipment
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RDGY 407Â Â Â Â Â Â Â RADIOTHERAPY PHYSICS III (BRACHYTHERAPY AND RADIATION PROTECTION
The course is designed to provide the students with the understanding of the principles of clinical use of radioactive substance in specific disease management. Relevant dose calculation in brachytherapy is also covered. Â The need for radiation protection measures in brachytherapy to minimize unnecessary radiation exposure to patients and staff is included in the course. The risk-benefit philosophy underpinning therapeutic radiography is also covered.
RDGY 430 CLINICAL PRACTICUM II: TREATMENT SET UP AND PATIENT MANAGEMENTÂ
                                        9 Credits (3 Credits for Semester 7 and 6 Credits for Semester 8)
Clinical practicum has been designed to enable the student to integrate clinical experience with the theoretical knowledge. The course has further been designed to enable the students take a greater role within the radiotherapy department through application of their skills and execute complex localization, verification and treatment procedures.
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RDGY 322 RADIATION ONCOLOGY II (TREATMENT OF SYSTEMS)Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
The course is designed to provide understanding to students about the anatomical structures and physiological functions of the body and the tumours of the haemopoietic and lymphoreticular system, head and neck, ENT, Eye, the endocrine system, digestive and female reproductive system. It is also intended to provide insight to students about the factors worth considering in choosing various treatment options and advances in oncology and radiotherapy practices.
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RDGY 340 CLINICAL PRACTICE III: DOSIMETRY AND TREATMENT PLANNING (Practicals)Â
                                        9 Credits (3 Credits for Semester 7 and 6 Credits for Semester 8)Â
This course is planned to provide opportunities to students to translate into practice the theoretical knowledge on treatment planning. Areas covered include: record keeping; appointment system; equipment calibration and mould room techniques. Other areas covered are the performance of radiotherapy treatment procedures and demonstrating competencies in all aspects of treatment planning procedure.
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RDGY 410 RESEARCH PROJECT (Semesters 7 & 8) Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
For each of the items mentioned in the various modules in this course, there is a task analysis form, which is meant as a guide. The student should use these as an aid during the practical demonstrations and for evaluation procedures. The Clinical Tutors and Staff should refer to these in the Clinical Log Book in order to complete the relevant forms accurately
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Case Studies
Students are required to write up a case study on each system as specified in the Clinical Logbook, for presentation at a lecture time. A minimum of ten presentations is required to qualify for award of B. Sc degree.
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            INTERNSHIP
Candidates on completion of programmes shall proceed to undertake a year’s internship at an accredited health facility. Such internship shall be compulsory and shall be assessed.
Candidate may be requested to repeat the internship for a specified period to be determined by the Examiners’ internship Board if not satisfactorily completed.
